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smartctl es una utilidad para el control y monitorización de discos S.M.A.R.T.

smartctl es una utilidad de línea de comandos diseñada para realizar tareas como mostrar los registros de SMART de autotest y error, la activación y desactivación automática de pruebas de SMART, y el inicio de auto-pruebas en dispositivos.

Podemos comprobar las salud de nuestros discos, en elos siguientes ejemplos podemos ver el estado de un disco normal y otro en fallo o apunto de fallar.

Ejemplo de disco con buena salud:

$ smartctl -a /dev/sdb smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: ST3500418AS
Serial Number: 6VM04HYP
Firmware Version: CC34
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Thu Sep 1 11:55:29 2011 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 600) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 95) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 117 100 006 Pre-fail Always - 155041021
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 097 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 340
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 21
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 072 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 17476217
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 3169
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 341
183 Unknown_Attribute 0x0000 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
184 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 16
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 050 045 Old_age Always - 46 (Lifetime Min/Max 29/46)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 046 050 000 Old_age Always - 46 (0 15 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 026 021 000 Old_age Always - 155041021
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 245199682932762
241 Unknown_Attribute 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2387432809
242 Unknown_Attribute 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1541266388

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3169 -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

Ejemplo de disco duro apunto de morir:

$ smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 5.40 2010-02-03 r3060 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda ES.2
Device Model: ST3500320NS
Serial Number: 9QMC2983
Firmware Version: SN06
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Thu Sep 1 07:49:15 2011 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 650) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 119) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 030 029 044 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 27148058
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 099 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 22
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 001 001 036 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 2045
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 076 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 4341683886
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 085 085 000 Old_age Always - 13745
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 22
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 24353
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 076 054 000 Old_age Always - 687205253280
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 064 052 045 Old_age Always - 36 (Lifetime Min/Max 35/38)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 036 048 000 Old_age Always - 36 (0 18 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 041 041 000 Old_age Always - 27148058
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 2
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 232 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 232 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13685 hours (570 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 71 04 9d 00 32 e0 Device Fault; Error: ABRT

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:31.531 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:31.523 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13d+18:32:31.367 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 13d+18:32:31.366 NOP [Abort queued commands]
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.375 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE

Error 231 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13685 hours (570 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 71 04 9d 00 32 e0

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:31.523 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13d+18:32:31.367 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 13d+18:32:31.366 NOP [Abort queued commands]
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.375 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.367 IDENTIFY DEVICE

Error 230 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13685 hours (570 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 71 04 9d 00 32 e0 Device Fault; Error: ABRT

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.375 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.367 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13d+18:32:26.211 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 13d+18:32:26.210 NOP [Abort queued commands]
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.187 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE

Error 229 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13685 hours (570 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 71 04 9d 00 32 e0

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.367 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13d+18:32:26.211 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 13d+18:32:26.210 NOP [Abort queued commands]
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.187 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.165 IDENTIFY DEVICE

Error 228 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 13685 hours (570 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 71 04 9d 00 32 e0 Device Fault; Error: ABRT

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
a1 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.187 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+18:32:26.165 IDENTIFY DEVICE
25 00 20 ff ff ff ef 00 13d+18:32:22.590 READ DMA EXT
b0 d5 01 09 4f c2 00 00 13d+18:27:14.751 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 06 4f c2 00 00 13d+18:27:14.702 SMART READ LOG

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.